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Senapati District Unit Flora & Fauna |
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The State of
Manipur is rich in her plant resources distributed among various
agro-climatic zones . Invariably , the rich flora meets the day to
day needs of the people living therein. In the Senapati district lots of
species of plants are found. Most of them are very useful to the people
and use as MEDICINAL plants. Some of the resource plants found in this
district are given below :
Abrus precatorius Linn . (local name -
Chaning)
- A twining shrub. Scattered all over.
Uses :-
Seeds
are Purgative , emetic , tonic,aphrodisiac- used in nervous disorders and
cattle poisoning . roots possess glycyrrhizin an d useful in coughs, colds
and colic complaints . Paste of seeds is applied locally in sciatica,
stiffness of shoulder joints and paralysis . Seeds are highly poisonous .
Roots are used for gonorrhoea , jaundice and haemoglobinuric bile .
Powdered seeds are said to disturb the uterine functions and prevent
conception in women. The oil extracted from seeds is said to promote the
growth of human hair.
Acacia Pruinescens Kurz. (local name -
Te-bam)
- A large woody climber armed with
more or less recurved prickles.
Uses:- Plant is emetic, expectorant ,
and used as a substitute for senega; useful in brounchitis, pneumonia and
asthma. Root is cathartic. Leaves are laxative,usedin scabies and
snake-bites . The herb may cause gastrointestimal irritation. Plant
contain contains a cyanogenetic glucoside and alkaloid acalyphine . In
Homoeopahy , the herb is used against severe cough associated with
bleeding from the lungs (haemoptysis) and insipient pthisis.Fresh juice of
leaves is useful in case of croup.
Adiantum aethiopicum Linn.(local name - Mayur
pambi , family - Adiantaceae)
- A fern
Uses :- Decoction of the fern is used by the South Africans as an
abortifacient; also possess emetic and astringent properties. Infusion of
fronds is used as emollient in cough and diseases of chest.
Adiantum capillus-veneris Linn . (local
name - Hansraj , family - Maidenhair fern)
- A fern.
Uses:- Plant is used as a pectoral , demulcent , expectorant and tonic.
Boiled in wine it is given in case of hard tumours of spleen , liver and
other viscera.
Adiantum flabellulatum Linn.
- A fern
Uses:- Rhizomes are used for cough and as an anthelmintic ; also used
against grips .
Adiantum incisum Forsk. (local name -
Mayur-pambi)
- A fern
Uses:- Used in hemicrania and diabetes .
Agrimonia eupatoria Linn. ( family -
Rosaceae AGRIMONY)
- A hairy herb with a perennial and woody rootstock .
Uses:- Plant is usedas an astringent, anthelmintic, diuretic and tonic.
Yields an essential oil which is active against Bacillus subtilis
and Micrococcus pyogenes var. aureus. Vitamin K is also reported to
be present.
Ainsliaea angustifolia Hook.f.& Thoms ( Compositae: Asteraceae)
- A small herb . Common in the forest clearing.
Uses:- Smashed leaves are applied to old wounds for healing.
Aporusa dioica Muell.-Arg (family - Euphorbiaceae)
- An evergreen tree.
Uses :- Ethanolic extract of stem and leaves showed respiratory and
cardiovascular activities .
Artemisia maritima Linn (local name - Leibakngou-manba , Compositae
- Asteraceae , family - WORM SEED )
- A scandent shrub.
Uses:- Leaf-extract is given in acute stomach pain . Smashed leaves are
applied to abdomen and forehead as poultice in pains . Smashed shoots are
thrown on water for trapping fishes .Flowers give the commercial santonin for
eradicating worms from stomach ; leaf-infusion is used in intermittent
fevers . Bark is antiseptic. Decoction is used as a febrifuge.
Bauhinia tenuiflora Watt ex Clarke ( local name - Chingthao)
- A large cirrhose climber
Uses:- Bark is used in diarrhoea.
Begonia palmata D.Don ( local name- Banhang , family-Begoniaceae)
- A small herb. Fairly common as an undergrowth in shaded regions of the
forests.
Uses :- Plant-juice is poisonous to leeches and used to kill them when
found in the nostrils of animals . Extract of succulent stalks is used for
veneral diseases.
Cephalostachyam capitatum Munro (Gramineae; Poaceae)
-A bushy bamboo.
Uses:- Infusion of leaves is given as tonic , also anthelmintic ,
stomachic and carminative.
Cirsium sinense C.B.Clarke
- An erect herb.
Uses:- Roots are used in flatulence : externally for ulcers and abscesses.
Stems and leaves are antiscorbutic.
Clerodendrum colebrookianum Walp. ( family - Verbenaceae)
- A shrub with foetid smell.
Uses :- Roots with bark is given in bronchitis and asthma . Leaf-juice is
given to eradicate threadworms. Roots is used in asthma , cough and
scrofulous affections. Leaves are vermifuge . Wood is tied around the neck
against various ailments . The smell of the wood is believed to cure many
diseases of the children.
Clerodendrum colebrookianum Walp.
(family- Verbenaceae)
-
A shrub with foetid smell.
Uses:- Leaves are used for rheumatic pains by the Khasis and
Jaintias of Meghalaya.
Curcuma aromatica Salisb.
(Local name Lam-yaingang ,Family- WILD TURMERIC)
- A rhizomatous , aromatic herb.
Uses :- Rhizomes are tonic , carminative ; enter into
compositionused for bruises , contusions and sprains ; also used in
snake-bite.
Cynodon dactylon Pers.
(Local name Tingthou ,Family- Gramineae:Poaceae DHUB GRASS)
-
A perennial grass .
Uses :- Extracted juice of the grass is applied to fresh cuts or
injuries for stopping bleeding . Women suffering from execesive uterian
bleeding are given fresh juice about 50cc along with sugar once daily for
three days as remedy.Decoction of roots is given in dropsy and secondary
syphilis , Plant juice is used in injuries , anasarca , hysteria ,epilepsy and
insanity ; also astringent in chronic diarrhoea and dysentery ; useful in
catarrh of ophthalmia . Rhizome is used in genito- urinary troubles .
Daphne papyracea
Wall.ex Steud. (family Thymelaeaceae)
-
A shrub .
Uses :- Plant is febrifuge , bitter and purgative . Sweet
scented flowers are with antimicrobial activity . Roots are used as medicines
for different diseases by the tribes of Eastern India.
Dicliptera roxburghiana Nees
(Family Acanthaceae)
-
A diffused herb with woody rootstock .
Uses:- Plant is used as a tonic.
Diospyros Lancaefolia
Roxb.(family Ebenaceae)
-
A middle sized tree.
Uses:- Infusion of leaves is prescribed for bath of anaemic
children by the Bondos of Orissa.
Elatostema lineolatum Wight
(family Urticaceae)
-
An undershrub .
Uses:- Leaf-paste is applied to cuts by the Karbis of Assam.
Eleutherococcus cissifolius
( Family - araliaceae )
-
A small tree.
Uses:- Leaves are used for stomach disorders.
Elsholtzia ciliata(Thumb)
Hyland
-An aromatic herb.
Uses:- Leaf-extract is prescribed in stomach disorders.
Equisetum arvense
Linn ( Family -Equisetaceae FIELD HORSETAIL)
-Herb.
Uses:- Source of Herba Equiseti , used as a diuretic ; has
haemostatic properties , considered useful in dropsy , gravel and kidney
affection . the ash of the plant is useful in acidity of the stomach and in
dyspepsia.
Eucalyptus citriodora Hook
. (Local name Nasik Family Myrtaceae LEMON SCENTED EUCALYPT )
- A big tree.
Uses :- Leaves are used as an ingredient for the preparation of
an indigenous hair-lotion(Chinghi). Volatile oil vapour is antimicrobial.
Eupatorium birmanicum DC
(local name- Langthrei , Compositae ; Asteraceae )
-
An undershrub.
Uses:- leaf-juice is applied to the body in burning sensation .
Leaf extract with milk is a remedy for leucorrhoea. The extract with honey is
given in stomach ulcers.
Eupatorium cannabinum
Linn (Family HEMP AGRIMONY)
-A herb
Uses:- Plant is diuretic , antiscorbutic , cathartic,
deobstruent ,given in visceral obstructions , in swelling of leg ,
intermittent fevers , for fomenting sores , in influenza and as purgative .
Eupatorium odoratum Linn
. ( Local name kambilei)
-An undershrub.
Uses:- Leaf-juice with salt is treated as poison ; fresh juice
is given externally in gonorrhoea. Plant is used as fish-poison.
Euphorbia hirta Linn
. (Local Name Pakhamba-maton)
-
A Trailing herb.
Uses :- Plant is used in worm diseases of children . Plant-juice
is givenin dysentery , bowel complaints , cough and colic; plant decoction is
used in bronchial affections and asthma . Latex is applied to warts . Plant is
also used in diseases of genito-urinary tract.
Eurya japonica Thunb.
(local name Baunra , family Theaceae)
-
A shrub.
Uses:- Leaves are used as poultice on skin eruption.
Fleurya interrupta
Gaudich. (Local name Santhak , family Urticaceae)
-
an erect herb with stinging hairs .
Uses:-Hairs cause dermatitis ; leaf-paste is applied to carbuncle;root
extract is diuretic.
Galinsoga parviflora
Cav. (local name Hameng shampakpi , Compositae Asteraceae)
-An erect herb.
Uses:- Leaves with those of Ageratum conyzoides , Drymaria
cordata and ginger are made into a paste and applied as a remedy for
snake-bite by the khasis and Jaintias of Meghalaya.
Galium rotundifolium
Linn. (Rubiaceae)
-A diffuse herb.
Uses:- Plant is used for colic ,sore
throat and chest complaints.
Geranium nepalense
Sweet(local name- Bhanda , Geraniaceae NEPAL GERANIUM)
-
A perennial pubesecent or softly
hairy herb.
Uses:- Plant is astringent ,used in certain renal diseases .
Roots contain a red colouring matter and are used for colouring medicinal
oils.
Glochidion oblatum Hk.f.(Family
Euphorbiaceae)
-
A middle sized tree.
Uses:- Extract of stem and root is given in dysentery.
Gossypium arboreum Linn.(local
name Lashing , family Malvaceae)
-
This cotton is grown in jhum cultivation.
Uses :- Flowers are used in scabies and skin diseases . Seeds
are used in hydrocele. Seeds are expectorant ,demulcent and employed for
abortion . This is used in headache and considered nervine tonic . Leaf-juice
is used in scorpion-sting and snake-bite. Roots are used in fever . Seeds are
also used in gonorrhoea,gleet,cystitis and catarrh.
Grangea maderaspatana
Poir. (local name Leibungou , Compositae ; Asteraceae)
-
A herb,inflorescence yellow.
Uses :- Decoction is used for giving bath in case of
eczema and other skin diseases. Infusion of leaves is considered stoma
chic , antispasmodic and deobstruent . Leaf-juice is employed as instillation
for earache.
Gynura cusimba (D.Don)Moore
(local name terapaibi , Compositae ;Asteraceae)
-
A large succulent herb.
Uses:- Juice expressed from the succulent stem and leaves is
applied to fresh wounds for stopping bleeding and quick healing . Leaf-paste
is applied to forehead to cure headache.
Hedera nepalensis
Koch. ( local name Lablab, family Araliaceae NEPAL IVY)
- An evergreen woody climber.
Uses:- Fruits are stimulant, diaphoretic, cathartic; useful in
febrile disorders. Berries and seeds contain glycoside a-hederin
which is intensely haemolytic and acts as an irritant to the alimentary canal,
causes vaso-constriction, lowers blood pressure and slows the heart . Leaf
decoction destroys hair lice ; infusion of berry is used in rheumatism; gum is
emmenagogue.
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National Informatics Centre , Senapati District Unit,
Manipur
E-mail: mnsnp@hub2.nic.in
Phone
:-
03878-22234